This is the rating and price for Important Senufo Kponyugo Helmet Mask, 2007

Description : Important Senufo Kponyugo Helmet Mask Ivory Coast H: 105 cm (approx. 3’ 5”) Estimated age: end of the 19th or early 20th century Published: Burkhard Gottschalk “L’Art du Continent Noir Afrique”, 2007, p. 137 Compare: Sotheby’s “African, Oceanic and Pre-Columbian Art”, including property from the Bareiss, Bohlen and Dinhofer Collections, New York, May 16, 2008, “African Faces, African Figures”, Arman Collection, plate 14 Provenance: Formerly part of a Belgian collection, German private collection The Senufo are mainly farmers and have a population of around one and a half million divided over three countries: Mali, Ivory Coast, and Burkina Faso, to a lesser extent. Senufo masks are used in the rites of the poro society, a male organization that educates young men in the traditions and responsibilities necessary for their coming of age. Senufo helmet masks, which include elaborate assemblages of antelope horns, bush-pig tusks, rows of enormous sharp teeth, and the figures of birds and chameleons, are called kponyungo or “funeral head mask.” Helmet masks are the senior and most dangerous of the masquerades used by the Senufo poro society. They are the embodiment of supernatural powers and knowledge of magical formulas, expressed through aggressive forms and symbols. A zoomorphic head with an open mouth showing strong teeth and two long horns, in the middle of the head a chameleon as an extension from a bird figure, probably the poro bird of the Senufo.
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