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Descrizione : Porteuse de fagots signed 'TH. Rousseau' (lower left) oil on panel 163/4 x 253/4 in. (42.5 x 65.5 cm.) Painted circa 1863-40 PROVENANCE Boussoud, Valadon & Cie., Paris. James Duncan, Great Britian. M. Knoedler & Co., New York. Edwin Thorne, New York (acquired from the above). Knoedler & Co., New York. Mr. Andrews (acquired from the above, 1892). Theodore M. Davis, New York and Rhode Island. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (gift from the above); Parke-Bernet, New York, 27-28 March 1956, lot 113 (as Evening ). LITERATURE M. Schulman, Th‚odore Rousseau, Catalogue raisonn‚ de l'oeuvre peint, Paris, 1999, no. 583 (illustrated). NOTES Pierre-Etienne-Th‚odore Rousseau was born on 15 April 1812. Encouraged by his parents from an early age to follow his interest in art and nature, Rousseau spent a great deal of time in the Bois de Boulogne and at the age of thirteen was sent to the country to the Franche-Comte - an area that would be extensively depicted by him and many of his contemporaries such as Gustave Courbet. Invigorated by his experience, he returned to Paris a year later, determined to devote himself fully to a career in painting. Initially he studied in the studio of Jean Charles Joseph Redmond and, like many artists-in-training, spent many hours at the Louvre copying Dutch 17th Century landscapes. Not wanting to lose touch with nature, he continued to make excursions to neighboring Fontainebleau and other small villages surrounding Paris. Rousseau exhibited his first painting at the Salon in 1831 and would continue to exhibit frequently thereafter. Throughout the rest of the decade, and into the 1840s, he spent a great deal of time traveling in the French countryside and an increasing part of this time at Barbizon, frequently with his closest friend and fellow painter Jules Dupre. He exhibited often at the Salon des Refus‚es and established a permanent studio in Barbizon in 1848. The artist's time at Barbizon was not only dedicated to new paintings and reworking old canvases but also to other pursuits and he became an accomplished botanist, and meterologist. By 1854, Rousseau was at the height of his career. He had exhibited no fewer than thirteen paintings at various international exhibitions and, in addition, became a member of the international jury at the Exposition Universelle of which he would later be appointed head in 1867. Michel Schulman has noted that the present work, painted circa 1860, depicts the same location as Paysage d'‚t‚, 1850-55 (sold Christie's, New York, 2 May 2001, lot 92) (Schulman, no. 438) and affirms that Rousseau returned frequently to the same countryside spots to paint. Standing in marked contrast to Rousseau's earlier landscapes, which were rocky, severe and dominated by a darker palette of colors, Porteuse de fagots is a mature work that displays a signature luminosity - perfected through a technique in which the artist builds up a lively, light-filled surface made possible by delicate touches of translucent glazes. Through the subtle gradation of tone and color, the landscape takes on a character of its own. Rarely populated by many figures, Rousseau's work succeeds in communicating the purity of life in the country and the benevolent harmonies between man and nature. The present work was once in the collection of Theodore Davis, the American millionaire from Rhode Island who funded archeological exploration and excavation in the Valley of Kings in Egypt from 1903-12. Before his death in 1915, Davis bequeathed the one of the most important private collections of Egyptian antiquities to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Michel Schulman will include this work in his forthcoming Rousseau catalogue raisonn‚ supplement. To be included in the forthcoming Rousseau catalogue raisonn‚ now in preparation by Pierre Miquel and Gallery Brame & Lorenceau. SALESROOM NOTICE Please note the following revisions: Painted circa 1836-1840. Boussoud, Valadon & Cie., Paris. James Duncan, Great Britain. M. Knoedler & Co., New York. Edwin Thorne, New York (acquired from the above). M. Knoedler & Co., New York. Mr. Andrews (acquired from the above). Theodore M. Davis, New York and Rhode Island. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (gift from the above); Parke-Bernet, New York, 27-28 March 1956, lot 113 (as Evening ). Helen Lurie (acquired at the above sale).
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