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Description : Rare and Exceptional Luba-Tabwa Dignitary's Staff, Democratic Republic of the Congo kibango Wood with rich brown patinaHeight 63in (160cm) Provenance Reportedly Charles Ratton, ParisPrivate Collection, acquired in the early 1940sSchwart Family Collection, Tintigny, BelgiumPierre Dartevelle, acquired from the above in 1966 Published Berjonneau, Gerald and Jean-Louis Sonnery, Rediscovered Masterpieces of African Art, Foundation Dapper, Art 135, Boulogne, 1987, fig. 284Neyt, Francois, Luba - To the source of the Zaire, Musée Dapper, Paris, 1993, p. 119Nooter Roberts, Mary and Allen F. Roberts, Memory - Luba Art and the Making of History, Prestel, New York, 1996, cat. no. 65 Exhibited Paris, France, Luba. Aux sources du Zaïre, Musée Dapper, 25 November 1993 - 17 April 1994Memory - Luba Art and the Making of History:New York City, New York, The Museum of African Art, 2 February - 8 September 1996;Washington, D.C., The National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, 30 October 1996 - 26 January, 1997;Buffalo, New York, Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 26 July - 5 October 1977;Wellesley, Massachusetts, Davis Museum & Cultural Center, Wellesley College, 5 February - 7 June 1998 Estimate on Request An Anthropomorphic Luba-Tabwa Dignitary's Staff: A rare emblem of prestige and authority from the Democratic Republic of CongoBy François Neyt This exceptional dignitary's staff, which displays both Luba and Tabwa morphological traits, is a product of the Luba Kingdom, whose development in the 18th and 19th century warrants description here. Its stylistic characteristics indeed reveal Luba, Tabwa, and even Hemba influences, from a specific workshop and in a specific style. It will also be relevant to mention the role of feminine power among the kings and the chiefs who depended on it as well as that of the vidye spirits. These kibango staffs were of such great importance that few people had the right to see them, but no one was unaware of their existence. (Burton W.E.P., Luba Religion and Magic in Custom and Relief, Annales M.R.A.C., Sciences de l'homme n° 35, Tervuren, 1961, p.31; Neyt François, Luba. Aux sources du Zaïre, Musée Dapper, Paris, 1993, p.111-138) Luba History in the 18th and 19th Centuries The birth of the Luba Kingdom around the 16th century occurred in the middle of the Upemba Depression, among the Central Luba, more commonly known as the Luba Shankadi. The Luba Kasaï (Western Luba) inhabited the area west of them, and the Eastern Luba occupied the areas northern and eastern parts of the Upembo Depression. They extended their influence as far as Lake Moero by moving up the shores of the Luvua River and beyond the Lukuga River, which drains into Lake Tanganyika. Prince Buki, banished from the royal court by King Kumwimbe Ngombe (1810 to 1840), was sent to the north and the east of the kingdom. He took advantage of his situation to multiply the insignia of power in these places, and gave major local chiefs the right to own and use regalia, including staffs, caryatid stools, and ritual and ancestral effigies. The Tabwa, who inhabited the western shores of Lake Tanganyika, were among the groups that obtained these rights. The Message Inscribed on the Figurative Staff The staff is carved of medium density wood, and is 160 centimeters (63 inches) long. It has a light brown patina and is decorated at the center with a small wooden sphere that separates two long segments rendered as barber's pole spirals. This medial sphere is a sign of authority. There is no decoration at its upper extremity, but the upper third of the staff is a female figure rendered standing on an elongated and slightly concave rectangular base that has lozenge and triangle designs on all four of its si...
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